PE-22-28
Seven-amino-acid analogue of spadin that blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel; antidepressant-like effects in experimental animals (2017); no human trial.
60-Second Scientific Briefing
PE-22-28 is a seven-amino-acid analogue of spadin, a natural peptide studied as a possible fast-acting antidepressant. The only published study (Front Pharmacol 2017) was in cells and experimental animals, where it showed antidepressant-like activity and better stability than spadin. Not approved by the US FDA or any other regulator; it is a research compound.
What is PE-22-28?
Pharmacological Classification & Molecular IdentityPE-22-28 is a seven-amino-acid analogue of spadin, a natural peptide studied as a possible fast-acting antidepressant. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
Verified Chemical & Regulatory Registry Identifiers
Mechanism of Action & Receptor Targets
Biological Pathway and Target BindingReceptor Selectivity: It blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel, a target linked to depression in animal research; in cell tests it bound TREK-1 more strongly than spadin. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
Regulatory & FDA Approval Status
Legal and Regulatory ClassificationsNot approved by the US FDA or any other regulator; it is a research compound. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
PE-22-28 is not approved for commercial sale, prescription therapy, or compounded medication distribution. It exists strictly within authorized scientific and clinical research frameworks.
Human Evidence & Clinical Trials
Clinical Study Readouts and Evidence SynthesesNo human clinical trial has been published. Front Pharmacol 2017: designed from spadin breakdown products; in patch-clamp tests on human TREK-1 cells it showed higher specificity and affinity than spadin, and in experimental animals it had antidepressant-like effects with improved stability. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
Clinical Evidence
No human clinical trial has been published. Front Pharmacol 2017: designed from spadin breakdown products; in patch-clamp tests on human TREK-1 cells it showed higher specificity and affinity than spadin, and in experimental animals it had antidepressant-like effects with improved stability.
Safety Profile & Clinical Limitations
Documented Adverse Events and Known UncertaintiesThere are no human safety data. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
Whether it affects mood or is safe in people is unknown, and the quality of non-pharmaceutical material is unknown. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
Dose Approval Status
Commercial Dosing Status and Policy DirectivesNo dose is approved or established for humans, and no human dose-finding study has been published. [1] Front Pharmacol, 2017 ↗
Under Egypt Peptides medical governance policies, no personal dosages, titration intervals, cycles, stacking recommendations, or self-injection instructions may be provided for unapproved investigational compounds. Clinical study protocols represent controlled experimental research parameters exclusively.
What is Known vs. What is Unknown
Evidence Comparison and Clinical Evidence Boundaries✓ Confirmed Scientific Evidence
- PE-22-28 is a seven-amino-acid analogue of spadin, a natural peptide studied as a possible fast-acting antidepressant.
- Targets & Selectivity: It blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel, a target linked to depression in animal research; in cell tests it bound TREK-1 more strongly than spadin.
- No human clinical trial has been published. Front Pharmacol 2017: designed from spadin breakdown products; in patch-clamp tests on human TREK-1 cells it showed higher specificity and affinity than spadin, and in experimental animals it had antidepressant-like effects with improved stability.
- Safety considerations: There are no human safety data.
? Unknown / Under Ongoing Investigation
- Whether it affects mood or is safe in people is unknown, and the quality of non-pharmaceutical material is unknown.
Verified Questions & Answers
10 Verified scientific answers with permanent anchor keysPE-22-28 is a seven-amino-acid analogue of spadin, a natural peptide studied as a possible fast-acting antidepressant.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
It blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel, a target linked to depression in animal research; in cell tests it bound TREK-1 more strongly than spadin.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
No. Not approved by the US FDA or any other regulator; it is a research compound.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
No human clinical trial has been published. The only published study (Front Pharmacol 2017) was in cells and experimental animals, where it showed antidepressant-like activity and better stability than spadin.
No human clinical trial has been published. Front Pharmacol 2017: designed from spadin breakdown products; in patch-clamp tests on human TREK-1 cells it showed higher specificity and affinity than spadin, and in experimental animals it had antidepressant-like effects with improved stability.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
There are no human safety data.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
Whether it affects mood or is safe in people is unknown, and the quality of non-pharmaceutical material is unknown.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
No dose is approved or established for humans, and no human dose-finding study has been published.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
There is no approved product label, so no official storage instructions exist.
It is not named individually on the 2026 WADA Prohibited List. Under section S0 (non-approved substances), any pharmacological substance without a current approval by a government health authority for human therapeutic use is prohibited at all times. Athletes should confirm with their national anti-doping organisation.
- WADA Prohibited List (World Anti-Doping Agency)
Egypt Peptides publishes reviewed scientific reference monographs for documentation and research. The site does not give individual medical advice, preparation or injection instructions, combination protocols or off-label use instructions. Decisions about any medicine belong to the treating physician.
- Shortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity (Front Pharmacol, 2017-09-13)
Authoritative Sources & Literature Registry
Regulatory dossiers, clinical trial registries, and published studiesShortened spadin analogs display better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant activity ↗
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28955242/